Tag:crypto-wiki

All the articles with the tag "crypto-wiki".

• ChaCha20

  ChaCha20 is a software-friendly stream cipher based on ARX semantics that allows for the encryption and decryption of arbitrary data.

• Proxy Re-Encryption

  Proxy Re-Encryption allows an untrusted third party to modify a ciphertext that was encrypted under key A to be decryptable with a different key B without learning anything about the plaintext or the private keys involved.

• Stealth Address

  A Stealth Address is an address that can be derived by any third party but only controlled by the owner of the linked private key.

• Adaptor Signature

  An Adaptor Signature allows for the creation of a partial signature that can be turned into a full signature by applying a secret value which itself is revealed once the full signature is publicly shared.

• Lagrange Interpolation

  Lagrange Interpolation is used to reconstruct any degree n polynomial using at least n + 1 of its evaluations.

• ECDSA Adaptor Signature

  An ECDSA Signature can be modified to create an adaptor signature that's only valid when a secret value is incorporated which itself is revealed when the adapted signature is publicly shared.

• Two-Party ECDSA

  2P-ECDSA is a protocol that allows two parties to jointly create digital signatures over messages via a shared private key that neither party has full access to or control over.

• Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm

  ECDSA is used to create digital signatures over messages which can be non-interactively verified.

• Pedersen Commitment Scheme

  A Commitment Scheme is a mechanism to ensure that a value that was committed to can't be changed after the fact.

• Hash-Based Commitment Scheme

  A Commitment Scheme is used when one wants to guarantee that a value that was chosen can't be changed afterwards.

• Oblivious Transfer

  The Oblivious Transfer Protocol allows a sender to transmit one of various messages to a receiver without the receiver learning which message was sent.

• Blind Signature

  Blind Signatures allow for a message to be masked such that it can be signed by a third party without it learning what gets signed.

• BLS Signature Aggregation

  BLS Signatures can be aggregated which results in faster and computationally cheaper verifications of such a batch of signatures.

• BLS Signature

  BLS Signatures use Elliptic Curve Pairings to create very small, aggregatable digital signatures that can also be used as a building block in Zero-Knowledge Proof constructions.

• Elliptic Curve Pairing

  An Elliptic Curve Pairing is a function that maps two Elliptic Curve Points to an element of another group like a finite field.

• Shamir's Secret Sharing

  Shamir's Secret Sharing allows for a secret to be shared among multiple protocol participants out of which a threshold have to collaborate to reconstruct it.

• Ring Signature

  Ring Signatures allow for a signer to hide a valid signature among a collection of other "mock signatures" that were produced by "co-signers" such that it's impossible to determine who produced the valid signature.

• Chaum-Pedersen Protocol

  The Chaum-Pedersen Protocol allows a prover to interactively prove to a verifier that they know a secret value without revealing it.

• Schnorr Adaptor Signature

  A Schnorr Signature can be modified to create an adaptor signature that only verifies when a secret value is applied which itself is revealed once the adapted signature is publicly shared.

• Schnorr Signature Aggregation

  The Schnorr Signature Protocol can be setup such that the secret key is shared among a group of participants so that all need to collaborate to produce a valid signature.

• Schnorr Signature

  The Schnorr Signature Protocol allows a prover to non-interactively prove to a verifier that they know a secret value without revealing it.

• Schnorr Identification Protocol

  The Schnorr Identification Protocol allows a prover to interactively prove to a verifier that they know a secret value without revealing it.

• ElGamal Encryption

  ElGamal Encryption is an asymmetric cryptosystem that allows for the exchange of encrypted messages over an insecure channel.

• Computational Security

  With Computational Security we analyze how likely it is that a cryptographic construction will be broken in the real world.

• Entropy

  Entropy is a way to quantify how much uncertainty a probability distribution exhibits.

• Information-Theoretic Security

  With Information-Theoretic Security we analyze if a cryptographic construction is theoretically impossible to break.

• One-Time Pad

  The One-Time Pad is a symmetric cipher that when used properly can be proven to be unbreakable.

• Security Notion

  A security notion is a standardized way to convey security guarantees of cryptographic constructions.

• Probability

  Probability is an important topic in Cryptography as it allows for the expression and calculation of likelihoods.

• XOR

  Given it's invertibility and perfect balance, XOR is used in a lot of cryptographic constructions.

• Substitution and Permutation

  To ensure strong Confusion and Diffusion properties, ciphers utilize Substitutions and Permutations.

• Confusion and Diffusion

  Confusion and Diffusion are two properties that should be incorporated into ciphers to make them secure against statistical attacks and other methods of Cryptanalysis.

• Random Number Generator

  Randomness is one of the core building blocks in Cryptography which is usually derived via a Random Number Generator.

• Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman

  Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman is used to derive a shared secret over an insecure channel.

• Message Authentication Code

  MACs are used to ensure that a message originated from the correct sender and hasn't been tampered with.

• Hash Function

  Hash Functions are used to map arbitrary-length data to fixed-size values in a collision-resistant- and non-reversible way.

• Cryptography Wiki

  An actively maintained collection of notes I created throughout my learning journey.